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Module CCs are often in close contact with the national technical team, and can:
2 ? ? Clarify any methodological issue in the process;

Provide technical support to the local technical team for preparing workshops;

? ? Help facilitate capacity building and other workshops; and
9-12 December, 2013 e. Identification of stakeholders
Review drafts.

As previously mentioned, stakeholders are those:

Whose interests are affected by environmental problems or their decisions have environmental
?

Who have information, resources or expertise required for policy formulation and strategy
? effects;
implementation; and

? Who control key mechanisms (e.g., funding) for policy and strategy formulation and implementation.

To enhance stakeholders participation and their contributions there are three key principles.

? Inclusivity. Include a full range of stakeholders representing different groups of interest, including
marginal and vulnerable groups.

? Pertinence. Include stakeholders whose interests are significantly affected by the issues covered in
the IEA.

? Gender perspective. Women and men must have equal access to all stages of the participatory
process, and it is important to respond to the demands from women and men.

This allows formulating and implementing better integrated policies and strategies.

In order to assure that the different stakeholders are represented, stakeholder analysis is very helpful.
The analysis identifies and examines key stakeholders, fulfilling criteria such as representation across

sectors, gender and vulnerability. The analysis alone does not guarantee though that the identified
stakeholders are going to be active in the process—this may need incentives and strong leadership
(Figure 8).

Stakeholder analysis includes three elements:
1. Key issues or problems that will be discussed throughout the IEA process. Identify stakeholders relevant
to the IEA’s priority issues.

34 National IEA Process Design and Organization