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? IMPACTS: Environmental change may positively or negatively influence human well-being (as Module
reflected in international goals and targets) through changes in environmental services and
environmental stress. Vulnerability to change varies between groups of people depending on their 4
geographic, economic and social location, exposure to change and capacity to mitigate or adapt to
change Human well-being, vulnerability and coping capacity is dependent on access to social and
economic goods and services and exposure to social and economic stress; and

? RESPONSES: Responses (interventions in the MA Framework) consist of elements among the drivers,
pressures and impacts which may be used for managing society in order to alter the human - environment Abu Dhabi, UAE
interactions. Drivers, pressures and impacts that can be altered by a decision-maker at a given scale is
referred to as endogenous factors, while those that can’t are referred to as exogenous factors.

The following is an example of how the DPSIR framework can be used to tell a story about an issue,
such as the “state” of urban air quality.

Figure 10 Example of DPSIR framework for urban air quality

HUMAN SOCIETY
DRIVERS
Population growth
PRESSURES IMPACTS
Direct influence well-being
through human Step 1 - Healts
interventions - Infrastructure
Services
RESPONSES Step 3 - clean air
Sectors Vehicles emission - clean water
standards - food Step 2
Emissions from Traffic reduction measures
motor vehicles Air quality indexes and
advisories

Smog, acid STATE and TRENDS
rain, dust Urban air quality declining
Step 1
Step 1
ENVIRONMENT

Step 1: What is happening to the environment and why?
Step 2: What are the consequences for the environment and humanity?
Step 3: What is being done and how effective is it?

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