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Module

Projection of future scenarios using the historical information

Future climate projections for the Northern Cape were created by using four different
model outputs, which were analyzed and compared to the South African Weather Service
observed data. Based on the climate model projections, the most severe impacts of reduced
rainfall are likely to occur along the western part of South Africa, where small towns and
9-12 December, 2013 prudent to account for climate change in water resource planning to meet the development
subsistence farmers are most vulnerable. The available literature suggests that it would be

objectives of South Africa.

Analysis of adaptation options and strategies

A number of interviews were held with relevant stakeholders and consultants who operate
in this region in order to capture the current measures adopted to ensure an adequate
supply of water in times of drought. A list of adaptation options strategies was compiled that
best represented those currently being implemented at a local level.

The list of evaluated adaptation options: regional water resource planning, local water
resource management and monitoring system (eg. telemetry), artificial groundwater
recharge, conjunctive use of surface and groundwater, standby relief under critical conditions,
tankering of water, drought relief and aid funding, rainwater harvesting, desalination, water
restrictions, dry sanitation systems, education programs, tariff structures (e.g., block tariffs),
reuse of grey water, saline water for toilets, reduction of leaks program, dual flush toilets and

rainfall enhancement.

Definitions of criteria and scoring used for strategy analysis:

1. Additional yield/saving How will the intervention impact water supply through
additional yield and/or savings?
1 = None, 2 = Low, 3 = Significant, 4 = Very high
2. Technology required Is the technology for the intervention readily available?
1 = Not available, 2 = Must be imported, 3 = Available
in the country, 4 = Locally available, 5 = Already installed
3. Additional capital Will the intervention require additional capital
expenditure expenditure?
1 = High cost, 2 = Medium, 3 = Low, 4 = No cost

58 Volume Two - Themes
Vulnerability and Impact assessments for Adaption to Climate Change (VIA Module)